Super Sample Layer
The Super Sample layer is used to anti-alias all the layers under it.
It isn't often needed, since most layers produce smooth output already.
You specify width and a height parameters. Internally, the scene is rendered <width> times wider and <height> times taller than the output image, and then each <width> by <height> block is averaged down to a single pixel.
For example, the output image is 320x240 pixels, the width and height parameters of the Super Sample layer are both set to the default value of 2. Synfig will render a 640x480 image internally, and then average the 4 pixels in each 2x2 block down into a single pixel that it then uses in the output image.
The 'Be Alpha Safe' checkbox makes the averaging process aware of the alpha channel. When 'Alpha Safe', the average is sum(color * alpha)/sum(alpha), with an alpha value of sum(alpha)/sum(1). When not 'Alpha Safe', the average is simply sum(color)/sum(1).
For instance, consider averaging two pixels, one a completely transparent red (R:1 G:0 B:0 A:0) and the other an opaque green (R:0 G:1 B:0 A:1). When being alpha safe, the average is (R:0 G:1 B:0 A:0.5). When not being alpha safe, the average is (R:0.5 G:0.5 B:0 A:0.5).